BIM与GIS融合技术在航道整治工程中的应用

针对航道整治工程中BIM技术无法管理条带状工程、难以表达工程周边地理信息等难点,通过梳理BIM与GIS数据特点,研究探索BIM与GIS融合技术,提出了通过格式转换、坐标转换和数据关联实现BIM与GIS融合的方法。将研究成果应用在蕲春水道航道整治工程,验证了BIM与GIS融合方法的可行性,实现了BIM与GIS数据一体化浏览、显示、管理、分析等功能,解决了BIM无法管理大范围工程、无法反映工程周边环境的不足,为BIM与GIS技术在航道整治工程中的应用提供了技术支撑。     

基于GT-Power和Simulink的柴油机各缸不均匀性闭环控制

为改善各缸工作不均匀性,以TBD314V8柴油机为研究对象,基于缸压计算得到的各缸IMEP和CA50作为反馈变量,控制变量为各缸的喷油量和喷油提前角,建立了GT-Power与Simulink联合仿真模型,通过模型分析了轨压、负荷和喷油提前角对爆压、IMEP和CA50不均匀率的影响,并对影响因素进行参数灵敏度量化分析,验证了闭环控制对各缸不均匀性的改善效果。结果表明：轨压对爆压、IMEP和CA50不均匀率影响较小;负荷对IMEP不均匀率影响最大,且随着负荷的增加呈线性下降;喷油提前角对爆压不均匀率和CA50不均匀率影响最大,且CA50不均匀率随着喷油提前角的增大呈线性增加。经过闭环控制后,各缸不均匀性得到明显改善。     

调距桨桨毂机构水动力负荷加载方式仿真研究

本文首先对某调距桨进行了CFD仿真分析,然后将CFD计算得到的桨叶分布式压力负荷加载至调距桨桨毂有限元模型的桨叶上进行有限元静强度仿真计算,并与多点约束集中(MPC)加载方式的计算结果进行比较。因分布式压力加载方式更接近真实加载情况,更适应于精度要求较高的高负载调距桨桨毂设计,与分布式压强加载相比,虽然MPC加载方式精度较低,但因其载荷加载处理与仿真计算时间大为缩短,得到的结果偏安全,因此适用于一般的工程强度估算校核。     

《防超劳预警表》的实践与思考

通过对《机车乘务员超劳预警通知书》进行电子化改造和相关功能完善,目标是为了通过可视化的提醒方式,向机务段派班员、机车调度员、计划调度员、列车调度员以及车站值班员等直接涉及运输组织的人员提供机车乘务员劳动时间的相关信息,以便实现对超劳情况的提前发现、提前组织,减少由于信息传递滞后造成的机车乘务员超劳情况。     

A design method of tensile triangles and low transformation temperature weld metal for reduction of stress concentration and residual stress of welded joints

Stress concentration and residual stress have a significant influence on fatigue life of welded joints. In order to reduce the stress concentration of welded joints, a mathematical design method of tensile triangles (MTT) based on bionics was applied to weld shape design. Accordingly, the stress concentration of various weld beads in the corner boxing welded joint and the fillet welded T-joint was dissected using our in-house FEM software JWRIAN. It was found that there existed a large stress concentration in the conventional welded joints, whereas those welded joints with elongated weld bead were accompanied by a lower stress concentration, especially for elongated weld bead with MTT design. Furthermore, among the weld shapes of the corner boxing fillet welded joint, the rectangle shape of weld bead had the minimum stress concentration factor (1.05). For the fillet welded T-joint with MTT design, the stress concentration of weld toe decreased dramatically with the increase of the index of designed shape, but there was a minor difference of stress concentration at weld root between the weld beads with MTT design. In addition, application of low transformation temperature (LTT) weld metal utilizing martensitic transformation to the fillet welded T-joints can produce compressive residual stress at weld toe.     

Fitness-for-purpose assessment of cracked offshore wind turbine monopile

In this paper, the procedure for flaw acceptability assessment is examined through a case study of a semi-elliptical surface crack in an offshore monopile as it grows till it forms a through thickness crack. Using the procedure prescribed in an industrial standard (BS 7910), the fracture ratio, K_r is shown to increase monotonically with increasing crack depth. The load ratio, L_r, is initially insensitive to the crack depth. However, there is a rapid increase in L_r when the crack depth to thickness ratio exceeds 80%. L_r values obtained from detailed 3D FE limit analysis using elastic-perfectly-plastic material behaviour do not exhibit the asymptotic behaviour predicted by BS 7910 as the flaw transitions from deep crack to through-thickness crack. Furthermore, K_r predicted by BS 7910 is shown to be an over-estimation for the typical dimensions of offshore monopiles. The findings suggest that a structure with a deep flaw may be identified as unacceptable based on BS 7910 when it may still possess a non-trivial amount of structural residual life. This is a concern for monopiles where crack growth as a large flaw forms a significant part of the total life.     

Simulation on progressive collapse behaviour of whole ship model under extreme waves using idealized structural unit method

To ensure the safety of navigating ship, working loads and structural load-carrying capacity are two important aspects. In the present paper, a total simulation system combing load calculation and structural collapse analysis is applied to simulate progressive collapse behaviour of a single-hull Kamsarmax type bulk carrier. A three dimensional singularity distribution method is adopted to calculate pressure distribution with time history. A mixed structural model, collapse part simulated by ISUM elements and remaining part by elastic FEM elements with relative coarse mesh, is proposed for collapse analysis. Progressive collapse behaviour obtained by ISUM is good agreement with that by nonlinear software package, MARC. However, the calculation time of ISUM analysis is about 1/70 of MARC analysis. The applicability to structure system, high accuracy and sufficient efficiency of ISUM had been demonstrated.     

37500m3乙烷运输船液货舱的载荷传递

本文针对为应对美国页岩气革命而研发的37,500m3全球最大型乙烷运输船,就超长的C型独立液货舱的静态载荷如何传递到船体结构,进行了深入地分析研究,设计了不同的载荷分布方式和相应的装载工况,并通过有限元方法进行了分析验证,得出了一些实用的结论,对今后采用C型独立液货舱的液化气船的设计提供了重要参考。     

浅析半刚性基层荷载型裂缝对路面结构的影响

半刚性基层裂缝的产生和发展很大原因是受到荷载作用,由交通荷载重复作用而造成的疲劳裂缝属于荷载型裂缝。文章结合广西路网工程建设实际状况,利用有限元计算模型分析半刚性基层受荷载作用开裂的情况,揭示基层荷载型裂缝对路面结构的影响。     

航迹间断情况下坐标系对融合跟踪影响的仿真分析

研究了雷达航迹和数据链航迹间断情况下,北东地(NED)坐标系和地心地固(ECEF)坐标系对融合跟踪的影响。利用不敏变换(UT)将NED坐标系下的量测值转换到ECEF坐标系,然后对两种坐标系下的融合跟踪精度进行实验仿真,并对不同仿真场景下的算法性能进行分析和对比,得出一些有益的结论。